大家好，我是轩奔奔，将于6月份参加英语六级考试，在此推送每日双语阅读，督促自己的同时也希望大家可以提升英语阅读能力。英文文章摘自51VOA英语新闻，翻译是自己翻译的，有不正确的地方还请批评指正，感谢❤

On Jupiter’s Moon Europa, Earth-like Landforms Suggest Conditions for Life

在木星的月球木卫二上，类似地球的地形暗示了生命的条件

A study published recently compared long landforms called double ridges on Europas surface to similar but smaller landforms in Greenland.

最近发表的一项研究将木卫二表面被称为双山脊的长地貌与格陵兰岛类似但较小的地貌进行了比较。

The double ridges look like huge cuts across Europas surface. They have two long mountain tops and a central valley between them.

这些双山脊看起来就像是横跨木卫二表面的巨大切口。它们有两个长长的山顶，中间有一个中央山谷。

Stanford University geophysicist Riley Culberg is the lead writer ofthe studypublished in the publication Nature Communications. Describing the landforms, he said that if you cut through a double ridge, it would look like a capital "M."

斯坦福大学的地球物理学家莱利·卡尔伯格是发表在《自然通讯》杂志上的该研究的主要作者。在描述地形时，他说，如果你穿过一个双山脊，它看起来就像一个大写的M。

Radar data showed that refreezing of liquid water below the surface of the ground drove the formation of Greenlands double ridge.

雷达数据显示，地面以下的液态水的再生导致了格陵兰岛双山脊的形成。

If Europas formations were created the same way, it might mean there are large amounts of liquid water near Europas surface. Liquid water is believed to be necessary for life to exist.

如果木卫二的形成是以同样的方式，这可能意味着木卫二表面附近有大量的液态水。液态水被认为是生命生存所必需的。

Europa has gained scientists attention in the past as a possible place for life outside of Earth. That is because research has suggested that a saltwater ocean is under its ice-covered surface.

木卫二过去可能是地球以外生命的地方，已经引起了科学家们的关注。这是因为研究表明，海水覆盖的表面下被冰覆盖。

Smaller areas of water closer to the surface in the double ridges would represent a second possible place for small organisms to live.

在双脊中靠近表面的小水域将是小生物生存的第二个可能的地方。

"The presence of liquid water in the ice shell would suggest that exchange between the ocean and ice shell is common, which could be important for chemical cycling that would help support life," Culberg said. He added that surface-level water would be easier for future space missions to study than the deep ocean.

卡尔贝格说：冰壳中存在的液态水表明，海洋和冰壳之间的交换很常见，这可能有利于化学循环，从而支持生命。他补充说，未来的太空任务将比深海更容易研究水面水。

The U.S. space agency NASA is sending a space vehicle called Europa Clipper to Jupiters moon. The launch is planned for 2024. Europa Clippers goal is to study if the moon has conditions able to support life.

美国宇航局正在发射一艘名为木卫二快船的宇宙飞船前往木星的月球。此次发射计划于2024年发射。木卫二快船的目标是研究月球是否有能够维持生命的条件。

The water in the double ridges is within one kilometer of the surface. Those areas are near chemicals on the surface that could support the formation of life.

双层山脊上的水离水面不到一公里。这些区域靠近表面上可以支持生命形成的化学物质。

Europa is 3,100 kilometers across, a little smaller than Earths moon. But Europas ocean might contain two times the amount of water that is in Earths oceans. Scientists believe that the first life on Earth was small organisms found in the ocean.

木卫二的直径为3100公里，比地球上的月球稍小一点。但是木卫二的海洋中所包含的水量可能是地球海洋的两倍。科学家们认为，地球上的第一个生命是在海洋中发现的小生物体。

Europas double ridges are sometimes hundreds of kilometers long. They are 150 to 200 meters tall, and the tops of the ridges are one half to one kilometer apart.

木卫二的双层山脊有时有数百公里长。它们有150到200米高，山脊的顶部相距半到1千米。

Scientists have debated how they formed. Culberg noticed their similarity to a landform he knew in northwestern Greenland.

科学家们一直在讨论它们是如何形成的。卡尔伯格注意到它们与他所知道的格陵兰岛西北部的一个地形很相似。

Culberg said the Greenland double ridge formation was created by repeated refreezing, pressurization, and fracturing of a near-surface body of water. He added that there are two ridges because the near-surface water is also split into two bodies.

卡尔伯格说，格陵兰岛双山脊的形成是通过对近地表水体的反复修复、加压和压裂而形成的。他补充说，有两个山脊，因为近地表水也分裂成两个体。

If the same process created Europas double ridges, each near-surface body of water could have as much water as Lake Erie, one of North Americas Great Lakes.

如果同样的过程产生了木卫二的双山脊，那么每一个近水面的水体都可能拥有和北美五大湖之一的伊利湖一样多的水。

Stanford geophysics professor Dustin Schroeder helped write the study. He noted that water "makes this moon a very exciting candidate for habitability..."

斯坦福大学地球物理学教授达斯汀·施罗德帮助撰写了这项研究。他指出，水使这个月球成为一个非常令人兴奋的可居住性的候选者……

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